So, we have discussed screening for Perinatal Mood and Anxiety disorders (PMADs) during pregnancy and postpartum. We have also discussed what can be done to alleviate symptoms through self-care, therapy, and medication options. However, were you aware that fathers and birthing partners can also experience Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders?
According to MMHLA (2021), it is estimated that 1 in 10 will experience symptoms. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is validated for identifying paternal depression, though with lower cut-off scores. The EPDS can be self-administered and scored. There can be a significant amount of stigma in reaching out for help due to the thought men are supposed to be strong, supportive partners.
Risk factors for paternal mood and anxiety disorders are maternal depression, stress of having a new baby in the household, difficulties in developing a bond with the baby, lack of social support/role model, and feeling excluded from mother-infant bonding. Symptoms of paternal depression can be higher levels of irritability and anger. The impact of paternal depression on the family unit is an increase in children's behavioral/conduct issues, increased hostility and conflict, and harsh parenting practices.
Treatment is the same recommendations for mothers, including self-care, therapy, and medication options. MMHLA (2021) lists several resources. Online resources include Postpartum Support International, which provides resources for dads and partners; Postpartum Men has self-assessments and an online forum for dads. A recommended book suggestion would be "The Postpartum Husband" by Karen Kleiman, MSW.
If you are in crisis with plans to hurt yourself or someone else, please go to the nearest Emergency Room or call 9-1-1. Additional resources are available through the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline (available 24/7) at 9-8-8 or 1-800-273-TALK (8255) or suicidepreventionlifeline.org/chat/.
Reference:
MMHLA (2021) at:
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